Alarm about microplastics: how to reduce the threat to female fertility.

Recently, an Italian study coordinated by Luigi Montano on 18 women undergoing assisted reproduction detected the presence of microplastics in the follicular fluid of 14 of them (ansa.it). An alarming finding: microplastics, already identified in the placenta, ovaries, semen, blood, and various tissues, are now found exactly where the eggs develop.

🔬 Why is it dangerous?

Why are microplastics dangerous for fertility and health in general?

Numerous studies in animals and humans have shown that microplastics have the ability to accumulate in reproductive organs such as the ovaries, follicular fluid, placenta, and even semen. There, they can interfere with the most delicate processes of the reproductive system.

Microplastics:

Can directly damage oocytes and sperm, affecting their quality and viability.

Alter the hormonal balance by acting as carriers of endocrine disruptors (such as phthalates and bisphenol A), which interfere with the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, essential for ovulation, menstruation, and spermatogenesis.

Induce inflammation and oxidative stress, creating a hostile environment for fertilization or early embryonic development.

In recent studies, microplastics have been found in the fluid where oocytes develop, which could directly affect female fertility from its earliest stages.

All of this not only puts female (and male) fertility at risk, but also profoundly impacts gynecological and overall health. These particles can cause chronic inflammation in sensitive tissues such as the endometrium and ovaries, disrupt hormonal cycles, increase the incidence of disorders such as endometriosis or fibroids, and weaken local immune defenses.

At the systemic level, microplastics can act as vehicles for persistent toxins that alter metabolism, the endocrine system, and even neurological function. Therefore, reducing exposure is not only a preventive measure to protect fertility, but also a key strategy to care for the gynecological and overall health of women and the human body in general.

🛡️ How to protect general and reproductive health: Tips and solutions.

Below are strategies based on scientific evidence to minimize exposure:

1. Reduce the use of plastics in the kitchen and for beverage storage.

Avoid using plastic bottles, especially those that have been exposed to heat or direct sunlight, as can happen during transport or storage. These conditions promote the release of microplastics and toxic substances like bisphenol A (BPA).

It is also recommended not to heat food in plastic containers, nor to use plastic utensils with very hot food.

Whenever possible, opt for containers made of glass, stainless steel, or ceramic, both for storing food and for transporting hot or cold beverages. These materials are safer, more stable, and do not release particles into the content, even after repeated use.

2. Choose cosmetics and hygiene products without microplastics.

Carefully check the labels and avoid products containing microbeads (plastic exfoliating micro-spheres) or vague ingredients like "fragrance" or "parfum," which may conceal plastic derivatives.

Opting for certified natural, organic, or biodegradable formulas that are free of microplastics and synthetic additives not only protects your skin, but also prevents the release of these pollutants into the water during washing. Solid products (shampoos, soaps, or exfoliating bars) and recyclable or reusable packaging are often more sustainable and safer options.

3. Choose clothing made from natural fibers and wash synthetic garments with caution.

Whenever possible, it is recommended to choose clothing made from natural materials like cotton, linen, wool, or bamboo, which do not release microfibers when washed.

However, since it is not always easy to find women's clothing made exclusively from these fabrics — especially in sportswear, intimate wear, or fast fashion — it is essential to take care during washing. Synthetic garments (such as polyester, nylon, or elastane) release microfibers that end up in rivers and oceans if not properly filtered.

To reduce this pollution, it is advised to:

Use specific laundry bags to capture microfibers (such as Guppyfriend).

Install microfiber filters in the washing machine.

Reduce washing frequency and prefer short cycles with cold water.

4. Filter drinking water.

Install domestic filtration systems such as reverse osmosis or nanopore filters that retain microplastic particles.

It is important to pay attention to filter jugs if they are made of plastic, as this material can also release microplastics with prolonged use or exposure to heat. For this reason, it is recommended to prefer glass jugs with certified filters. In any case, even a plastic jug kept in cool environments and without exposure to direct sunlight is a preferable option compared to conventional plastic bottles, which are often stored or transported under heat or UV radiation conditions, factors that accelerate the migration of harmful substances into the water.

5. Reduce plastic-packaged foods and limit certain seafood products.

Avoid plastic-packaged products, especially if they have been heated or contain fats, as these factors promote the migration of microplastics and toxic additives.

Consume fresh food, bulk items, or those packaged in glass whenever possible.

Additionally, moderate the consumption of certain fish and shellfish—such as mussels, oysters, sardines, or anchovies—that are eaten whole and are particularly prone to containing microplastics ingested from the marine environment. Opting for clean water fish, of certified origin, and alternating with sources of protein from animals less exposed can help reduce the overall microplastic load in the diet.

📊 🏛️ A collective response: what governments, science, and society can (and must) do.

Although many preventive actions start with individual decisions—such as choosing what to eat, how to wash clothes, or which cosmetics to use—personal willpower is not enough. The magnitude of the microplastic problem also requires a strong institutional response, with public policies, investment in research, and education to change the system from the roots.

Here are three key areas that urgently need action:

1. Regulate the use of microplastics in everyday consumer products (food, cosmetics, hygiene), with stricter laws, real controls, and transparent labeling. We cannot protect ourselves if we don’t know what the products we use every day contain.

2. Encourage research and technological innovation to develop effective filters, alternative materials, and systems that prevent microplastics from ending up in our bodies and the environment. Investing in science is investing in health.

3. Promote environmental education from childhood and at all levels, encouraging more sustainable consumption habits, responsible recycling, and a clear understanding of how microplastics affect not only nature but also our fertility and overall well-being.

🧭  In summary.

Detecting microplastics in the ovaries and follicular fluid of 14 out of 18 women is an urgent alarm signal.

Current evidence suggests a negative impact on general, intimate, and reproductive female health.

Acting with good daily practices, effective policies, and medical monitoring is key to reducing risks and protecting future generations.

✅ Individual action = collective health.

Each person can make a difference: from conscious choices in the kitchen, bathroom, or clothing, to demanding political regulations. Environmental prevention is also reproductive prevention, and it must begin as soon as possible.

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Mater Clinic is your ally for female health and fertility. If you need help with your gynecological health or guidance on your path to motherhood, don’t hesitate to contact us via 📲 WhatsApp at [645 096 548] or by 📧 email at [care@mater.clinic].

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